Question

How is tooth decay related to pH? How can it be prevented?

Answer 1

Hint- Here, we will proceed by the main cause of tooth decay. Then, we will discuss the effect on pH on the tooth. Finally, we will mention some of the preventive measures in order to avoid tooth decay.

Complete answer:
Regulating the pH in the mouth will also help reduce the bacteria in our mouths, thereby reducing our risk for cavities, gum disease, and tooth decay. Bacteria feed off sugars that are commonly found in sucrose (table sugar), glucose, fructose, lactose, and cooked starches. Foods such as candies, sodas, pastas, animal proteins and breads, and even natural fruits, give bacteria in the mouth more fuel to produce lactic acid which is the acid that causes tooth decay.
Tooth decay can occur when the pH level in the mouth is 5.5. For reference, the neutral level is 7.0. When we consume acidic foods and drinks, the pH within the mouth decreases and can cause the pH in the dental plaque to fall rapidly below 5.0. This happens through the production of acids as the bacteria metabolize the ingested nutrients. When the mouth undergoes dramatic or long-lasting periods of low pH, it can cause cavity-causing bacteria to grow.
Exposure to sugar sends the pH of the dental plaque well below a healthy level. But dental plaque that is kept at 7.0 or greater does not experience a shift to cavity-causing bacteria even when exposed to sugar.
The pH of mouth is normally about 4.5 to 5 pH if it is raised by 5.5 because of taking sweets and chocolates then it leads to tooth decay.
Certain foods, such as sugary beverages, snacks, and some grains, increase the acidity in the mouth. The pH of the mouth can change dramatically with the types of foods we eat. Foods that are highly acidic, like lemons, lowers the pH, while foods like melons increases the pH.

The saliva can help neutralize the acid, but eating acidic foods can increase the acidity of the saliva. If the pH takes a long time to neutralize in the mouth, it may give bad bacteria enough time to wreak havoc on the teeth and gums. Typically, it may take a few minutes or a few hours for the pH to neutralize. An acidic mouth is an optimal environment for bad bacteria to grow, and if given the time and the ability, it can cause tooth decay.
The best methods of prevention include brushing at least twice a day with a toothpaste containing fluoride. Floss daily to remove food debris from in between the teeth. Maintain a healthy diet of nutritious foods. Avoid snacks and drinks that are high in sugar.

Note- Maintaining a good pH balance in the mouth allows a healthy balance of good and bad bacteria. Many of the good bacteria in our mouth are harmless and some bacteria, known as probiotics, aid in the digestion of foods. Other good bacteria actually protect our teeth and gums.