Question

Tissue plasminogen activator
(a) Helps in wound healing
(b) Dissolves clot in blood vessels of the heart
(c) Allergy response
(d) None of the above

Answer 1

Hint: A serine protease that is present on endothelial cells is a tissue plasminogen activator. An example of a tissue plasminogen activator is streptokinase. Streptokinase is a drug and an enzyme that is thrombolytic. For the prevention of embolic or thrombotic stroke, recombinant tissue plasminogen activators are commonly used in clinical medicine.

Complete answer:
The tissue plasminogen activator is an enzyme used in the blood vessels of the heart to break down blood clots. It functions as a catalyst. The plasminogen is converted to plasmin which is an essential enzyme involved in the breakdown of clots. In some stroke events, it is used to clear clots blocking coronary arteries in heart attack and cranial arteries.
Example:
Streptokinase is an enzyme secreted by streptococcal species. It is used as a human plasminogen-binding and activating clot buster. In certain cases of myocardial infarction (heart attack) and pulmonary embolism, streptokinase is used as an effective and inexpensive thrombolysis drug.

Additional information:
- Tissue plasminogen activator is a protein encoded by the gene PLAT that is positioned on chromosome 8.
- In cell migration and tissue remodeling, the tissue plasminogen activator also plays a role.
So, the correct answer is, ‘(b) Dissolves clot in blood vessels of heart’.

Note: Blood coagulation is an enzymatic event that begins with substances from damaged tissues and culminates in the formation of fibrin monomers that form clots. The fibrin clot is degraded by the fibrinolytic enzyme system after a few days.
In a single-chain shape, the human tissue plasminogen activator has a molecular weight of approximately 70 kDa.
It can be generated using methods of recombinant biotechnology. They are referred to as recombinant tissue plasminogen activators. Alteplase, reteplase, and tenecteplase provide unique recombinant tissue plasminogen activators.