Question

The valency of acetic acid is?

Answer 1

Hint :Every atom has some electrons in their valence shell, these electrons are said to be valence electrons. In order to gain stability each atom gains or loses electrons to get the nearest noble gas configuration. Fluorine needs only one electron extra to get the configuration of the nearest noble gas neon.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Valency is defined as the net combining power of the atom or an element. However it is to remember, that the valency of the noble gas is zero as they do not require any more electrons to gain the stability.
Each group has a specific valency or the oxidation state, like the oxidation state of the alkali metals are $ + 1 $ and for halogens $ - 1 $ . However, there is no such specificity of the valency along the period.
There is a lot of variation in the oxidation state of transition elements. It is observed that one transition element has more than one oxidation state like titanium has two oxidation states, manganese has five oxidation states.
The formula of acetic acid $ C{H_3}COOH $ . The contribution of each atom is as follows, the contribution of carbon is equal to $ 4 $ , the contribution hydrogen is equal to $ 1 $ , and the contribution of oxygen is equal to $ 6 $ . The total carbons present is two, hydrogen is four and oxygen is two.
  $ C{H_3}COOH $
 $ 4 + 3(1) + 4 + 6 + 6 + 1=24 $
Thus the total valency of the acetic acid is calculated to be $ 24 $ .

Note :
Acetic acid is a type of carboxylic acid. The first member of the carboxylic acid is formic acid which has a hydrogen instead of the methyl group of acetic acid. Acetic acid is used in (i) rubber industry, (ii) synthesis of polyvinyl acetate, cellulose acetate, silk, etc., (iii) act as medicine in some cases or used in the preparation of various drugs, (iv) solvent in laboratories, and many more.