Question

The type of bonds present in $N{H_4}Cl$ are:
A) Electrovalent, covalent and coordinate
B) Only ionic
C) Only covalent
D) Covalent and coordinate

Answer 1

Hint: Get well information about $N{H_4}Cl$ so that there could be a more understandable solution. For the first part of the question, $N{H_4}Cl$ contains both an ionic and covalent bond. The ammonium ion is polyatomic, which means it forms ionic salts. Therefore whatever bonds it makes are ionic.


Complete solution:
First of all remember that $N{H_4}Cl$ is an inorganic compound with chemical name Ammonium sChloride. It is also known as sal ammoniac, the salt of ammonia and hydrogen chloride. It is a by-product of sodium carbonate. It has diuretic and expectorant effects. In its pure form, it is crystalline salt, white. This compound is highly water-soluble and mildly acidic.
We need to also know the kinds of bonds:
Electrovalent bond: Ionic bond, also called electrovalent bond, type of linkage formed from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a chemical compound. Such a bond forms when the valence (outermost) electrons of one atom are transferred permanently to another atom. The atom that loses the electrons becomes a positively charged ion ( cation ), while the one that gains them becomes a negatively charged ion ( anion ).
 Now let's know what a covalent bond is: A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. These electron pairs are known as shared pairs or bonding pairs, and the stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms, when they share electrons, is known as covalent bonding.
It's important to know what a covalent bond is: A coordinate bond (also called a dative covalent bond) is a covalent bond (a shared pair of electrons) in which both electrons come from the same atom. A covalent bond is formed by two atoms sharing a pair of electrons. The atoms are held together because the electron pair is attracted by both of the nuclei.
Now that we have understood about the bonds lets come back and find out the type of bonding present in $N{H_4}Cl$ molecule
In $N{H_4}Cl$ , ionic bond is formed between $N{H_4}^ + $ and $C{l^ - }$ ions, 3 covalent bonds are formed between $N$ and three $H$ atoms and one coordinate bond is formed between $N$ and 1 $H$ atom.

Hence the correct option is (A).


Note:. It's also important to know the uses of $N{H_4}Cl$ . The dominant application of ammonium chloride is as a nitrogen source in fertilizers such as chloro ammonium phosphate. The main crops fertilized this way are rice and wheat in Asia. Ammonium chloride was used in pyrotechnics in the 18th century but was superseded by safer and less hygroscopic chemicals. Its purpose was to provide a chlorine donor to enhance the green and blue colours from copper ions in the flame. It had a secondary use to provide white smoke, but it's ready double decomposition reaction with potassium chlorate producing the highly unstable ammonium chlorate made its use very dangerous.