Question

The theory of cytochrome pump was put forth by
A. Bennet
B. Lundegardh
C. Oversheet
D. None of the above

Answer 1

Hint: According to the cytochrome pump theory, anion and cation can be absorbed by two different methods. Absorption of the anion is an active process which requires energy, whereas absorption of the cation is a passive process which does not require energy.

Complete answer: In the year 1956, Bennet Clark stated that molecules involved in the cytochrome pump theory could be some atmospheric molecules which can carry both cations as well as anions. The cytochrome pump theory was proposed by a Swedish Botanist called Henrik Lundegradh in the year 1954. In this theory, Lundegradh stated that there exist two methods of absorption of anion and cation. The absorption of anion takes place by an active process which requires energy for the absorption and absorption of cation takes place by a passive process which does not require energy. Due to the accumulation of ions in the inner surface of the membrane, the movement of cations is passive through the cytochrome membrane. Oxidation of the outer surface of the cytochrome results in loss of an ion. Anions are carried away and taken to the inner surface of the membrane where the reduction of cytochrome takes place with the help of enzyme dehydrogenase. Therefore, option B is correct. Oversheet is a material used to cover the upper layer of any device or machine. It is the topmost layer which provides protection.
So, option B is the correct answer.

Note: Cytochrome pump theory is also called electron transport theory. In anaerobically respiring organisms, the electron transport system is poorly developed. Cytochrome pump theory is involved in the cellular respiration process.