Question

The term Plastid was given by
A) Schimper
B) Haeckel
C) Hanstein
D) Strasburger

Answer 1

Hint: He was a zoologist, naturalist,, philosopher, physician, eugenicist, and marine biologist from Germany. He discovered, explained, and named thousands of new species, was involved in mapping a genealogical tree pertaining to all life forms, and coined various terms in biology.

Complete answer:
- Plastids are present in all types of plants and algae that are basically a group of phylogenetically and physiologically-related organelles. They play a vital role in contributing to the plant metabolism which in turn promotes plant growth and development.
Having a double membrane is one of the main characteristics of these organelles
- In the year 1866, Ernst Haeckel coined the term plastid.
In the cells, the primary involvement of the plastids is the manufacture and storage of food.
Thus, they are involved in processes such as photosynthesis, synthesis of amino acids and lipids as well as containing various materials among a few other functions.
- The pigments present within the Plastids categorizes them into three types:
a). chloroplast (green plastid),
b). the chromoplast (colored plastid), and
c). leucoplast (colorless plastid).

Additional information:
Schimper - He made major contributions in the field of histology, ecology, and plant geography and was a great German botanist and phytogeography.
- He divides the continent into the floral region and as a part of an 1899 deep-sea expedition, he travels South East Asia and the Caribbean.
Hanstein - He made a significant contribution to plant anatomy and morphology. To explain the shoot Apex behavior in plants, he introduced the histogen theory in 1868. He also conducted Pioneer research on the fertilization process in ferns with his close friend Nathanael Pringsheim from (1823-1894).
Strasburger - He was a well-known polish German professor who made a significant contribution to botany. Therefore, he was one of the famous botanists of the 19th century.
So, the correct answer is, “B) Haeckel”.

Note:
- Plastid is the site of manufacture and storage of chemical compounds generally pigmented and are double membrane-bound organelle.
- Plastid can also be present in a number of different organisms such as ferns, Moss, parasitic worms, Marine mollusks like sea slugs.