Question

The term genetic was proposed by
A. Johannes
B. Morgan
C. Mendel
D. Bateson

Answer 1

Hint: This biologist related the work of Mendel to the idea of the evolution of Darwin and coined the term genetics for a replacement field in biology. He broadened the sector of genetics with experimental methodologies by studying variation and advocating Mendelian Genetics.

Complete answer:
Option A is incorrect. Johannsen was born in Copenhagen. The term “gene” was proposed from the Greek word “genos” which means birth. He coined the term in contrast to pan genes from Darwin’s theory of Pangenesis. He also introduced the terms “genotype” and “phenotype”.
Option B is incorrect. Morgan was an American geneticist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1933 for his work. Morgan found fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster to be better material for experiments on genetics as it was easy to rear and multiply throughout the year. He observed the presence of genes over the chromosomes. Morgan established the principle of linkage and crossover.
Option C is incorrect. Gregor J. Mendel was an Austrian scientist and prelate from Augustine who, while living during a monastery, experimented with Garden pea hybrids and is considered the “father of recent genetics”. In 1856, the Mendel began his experiments using the common edible pea to research seven which appeared to be inherited regardless of others traits such as the shape of the seed, the color of the flower, the tint of the seed coat, the shape of the pod, the unripe color, the position of the flower and the height of the plant.
Option D is correct. William Bateson was a biologist and evolutionary scientist who, within the late 18th Century, was best known for observing organismal variability and trait heredity within the context of evolutionary theory. He reinforced the genetic field and promoted the use of experimental methods to study about heredity, and later he contributed to genetic inheritance theories.

So, the correct answer is option D (William Bateson).

Note: William Bateson was a British biologist who was the primary person to use the term genetics to explain the heredity process (a mechanism by which a parent transfers certain genes onto their children or offspring) and the development of hereditary characteristics.