Question

The term diffusion pressure deficit was coined by
(a) De Duve
(b) B.S.Meyer
(c) Novikoff
(d) None of the above

Answer 1

Hint: When water moves from the region of higher concentration to lower concentration without the use of energy is diffusion. It exerts pressure which means the amount by which the diffusion pressure of a solution is lowered as compared to its pure solvent.

Complete answer:
The term diffusion pressure deficit (DPD) was given by B. S.Meyer in 1938. This was originally described as suction pressure by Renner in the year 1915.
Pure water has a maximum diffusion pressure deficit. It is equal to 1245.69 atm at STP. For pure water, the value of DPD and Diffusion pressure are the same. Diffusion pressure deficit (DPD)of a solution is equal to its osmotic pressure i.e. DPD = OP of solution.
Because of the presence of solutes and forces opposing diffusion, there is a reduction in the diffusion pressure of water in solution or cell over its pure state. This is the diffusion pressure deficit.

Additional Information:
 De Duve- de Duve was born on 2nd October 1917. He was a Belgian cytologist and biochemist. Lysosomes and peroxisomes were discovered by him. In honor of his discovery, he received the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1974, which he shared with Albert Claude and George Palade.
Novikoff- Novikoff was a well known American biologist. He is known for the discovery of cell organelles. His greatest achievements were in growing histochemical procedure for studying the structure and functions of cells and their organelles. He received the E.B. Wilson Award from the American Society of Scientists for cell biology in 1982 and the Distinguished Service Award from Columbia University in 1960.
So, The correct option is ‘B’.

Note: -Lysosomes- A lysosome is a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes. -Lysosomes are involved with various cell processes. They break down excess or worn-out cell parts.
-Peroxisomes- These are oxidative organelles and are found in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. These are membrane-bound organelle also known as microbody.