Question

The structures are not found in plant cells
A. Vacuole
B. Nucleus
C. Centriole
D. Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 1

Hint: The plant cell and animal cell both are eukaryotic cells, which contain a well-developed nucleus surrounded by the nuclear membrane. Although they are similar, some of the organelles are different in both cells.

Complete answer:
> Option A:
A vacuole is a double membrane-bound organelle. It is found in animal cells, plant cells and in fungi also. The size of the vacuole in the plant cell is large in comparison to animal cells. They are filled with fluid. The main function of the vacuole is to store water, food and waste materials.

> Option B:
The nucleus is present in all eukaryotic cells like animal cells, plant cells and fungi. It is absent in prokaryotic cells. It is surrounded by a double layer of the nuclear membrane. It contains nucleoplasm, nucleolus and chromatin material. It stores genetic information and controls the function of the cell.

> Option C:
The centriole is a small organelle made up of microtubules. It is found in animal cells, and it is absent in plant cells. A pair of centrioles is found on two sides of the nucleus. It helps in cell division as the spindle fibers are made from centrioles that help in the division of the nucleus.

> Option D:
The endoplasmic reticulum is membranous organelles attached to the outer nuclear membrane. This may be of two types - Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). The rough endoplasmic reticulum contains ribosomes, and it is the site for protein synthesis. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the site of lipid biosynthesis.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: During the cell division process, the division of the nucleus starts initially with the help of a centriole located on two opposite ends of the nucleus. It is called karyokinesis (karyon means nucleus). During karyokinesis, the chromosomes are duplicated and then, divided equally into two separate nuclei. After the division of the nucleus, the division of cell cytoplasm takes place. It is called cytokinesis. It results in the formation of two daughter cells.