Question

The scholar who accompanied Mohammed of Ghazni to India was……..
A. Al-Raza
B. Ibn-Batuta
C. Al-Beruni
D. Al-Firdausi

Answer 1

Hint: The scholar was Iranian and is known as the first anthropologist. His birthday is observed as surveying engineer day in Iran. He was very well knowledgeable in arithmetic, cosmology and science.

Complete answer:
Born as Abu Rayhan al-Biruni in Khwarzem, Khorasan, now in modern day Uzbekistan, Al-Beruni is considered the father of comparative religion and modern geodesy.He lived during a time of political strife in the eastern Islamic world. He served in excess of six distinct sovereigns, every one of whom were known for their hawkish exercises and a decent number of whom met their closures in brutal passings. Even after all this trouble he still figured out how to turn into the most unique polymath the Islamic world had ever known.
He had to flee Khwarzem and fo=ind patronage in more intimidating Samanid dynasty which covered the eastern territory of Islam, in current day it is eastern Iran and much of Afghanistan. The real reason he fled Khwarzem was because his patronage under the Shahs of Khwarzem did not last for a very long time, since a subordinate went against the ruler, murdered him which resulted in civil war. After fleeing he started living in Bukhara which was the Samanid capital.
After a while Al-Beruni started traveling for longer periods, which was more of a way to escape from wars and keep looking for patrons for support, during this the Samanid capital was captured by Mohammed of Ghazni who was famous for his brutal rule. He ordered Al-Beruni to join his court, this was something he couldn't refuse because he failed to escape the city and his rule. Al-Beruni even travelled to North India along with Mohammed of Ghazni during his military campaign.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: When he travelled in Indian subcontinent, he was keen about Hindu religion and Indian culture which was practiced in India. He explored the culture very well and after that came up with his study about the Indian culture which is known as Tarikh-al-Hind (History of India).