Question

The ratio of sigma and pi bonds in benzene is:
A. 3:1
B. 4:1
C. 2:1
D. 1:1

Answer 1

Hint: Benzene is an organic compound represented by the chemical formula ${{C}_{6}}{{H}_{6}}$. Benzene kept in the category of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbons are those compounds which have hydrogen and carbon atoms only and benzene is also having hydrogen and carbon molecules only.

Complete answer:
Before discussing sigma and pi bond we first have to clarify about covalent bond and covalent bond are formed by the overlapping of atomic orbitals. On the basis of overlapping we can distinguish the sigma and pi bonds sigma bonds are formed by head to head overlapping of atomic orbitals whereas pi bonds are formed by lateral overlapping of atomic orbitals.
Sigma bonds are strong covalent bonds and electrons participating in the formation of sigma bonds are called sigma electrons and all single bonds are sigma bonds represented by the symbol $\sigma $and all single bonds are known to be sigma bonds. Pi bonds are generally weaker than the sigma bonds and the double bond is represented by the symbol = and all types of double consist of one sigma bond and one pi bond.
Benzene contains 6 carbon atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms which form cyclic structure and it consists of 3 pi bonds and 6 sigma bonds. The ratio to sigma to pi bond will be 6:3 i.e. 2:1.

Hence option C is the correct answer.

Note:
Due to the cyclic structure of benzene it is kept in the category of aromatic compounds and benzene is colorless and highly inflammable liquid with sweet odor. There are many applications of benzene it mainly used as an intermediate to make chemicals.