Question

The proteins are formed in
A. Golgi bodies
B. Nucleus
C. Plastids
D. Ribosomes

Answer 1

Hint: Proteins are biomolecules that consist of one or more long chains of amino acids. They are important molecules and are involved in several structural and biological processes. Many proteins act as enzymes that catalyze several reactions and metabolic pathways.

Complete answer:
Proteins are macromolecules that are made up of smaller subunits known as the amino acids. The proteins are formed by the assemblage of the amino acids that are based on the genetic information encoded in the genes. The genes contain the information regarding the formation and arrangement of the proteins. The protein synthesis process which includes transcription and translation are carried out in the cell nucleus and further assemblage of protein takes place in the cytoplasm.
The nucleus contains the DNA which carries the encoded information regarding the synthesis of protein. The DNA is transcribed into the mRNA. But further the mRNA serves as a template for the assemblage and development of the protein. The mRNA moves out of the cell into the cytoplasm.
The ribosomes use the mRNA as a template for the formation of the protein using the coded information. They are also known as the protein factories.
The Golgi bodies are made up of a series of compartments. It consists of fused flattened membrane enclosed disks which are known as cisternae. It functions in the packaging process of proteins into the membrane bound vesicles which are then translocated to designated places. It plays an important role in the processing of proteins for secretion. The Golgi bodies contain glycosylation enzymes that attach various sugar monomers to the proteins as the proteins move through the cisternae of the Golgi bodies.
Plastids are found only in the plant cells and algae. They are particularly responsible for the manufacturing of food through the process of photosynthesis. They contain the photosynthetic pigment or chlorophyll.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D).

Note: Proteins are one of the most vital biomolecules and it is biologically very important to living cells. The proteins are formed by one or more smaller subunits known as the amino acids. The process of protein formation is complex and depends upon the coded information present in the DNA. The DNA is transcribed into mRNA which then moves into the cytoplasm where the ribosomes utilize the coded information to form the proteins. Thus, the protein is formed by the ribosomes.