Question

The process of reduction involves:
A. Removal of hydrogen
B. Gain of electron
C. Addition of oxygen
D. Loss of electron.

Answer 1

Hint: All the redox reactions can be broken down into two different processes – a reduction process and an oxidation process. The loss of electrons and the corresponding increase in the oxidation state of a given reactant is called oxidation. The gain of electrons and the corresponding decrease in the oxidation state of a reactant is called reduction.

Complete step by step solution:
Reduction is the process of an atom or compound gaining one or more electrons. When an atom or compound gains an electron, its charge gets reduced. The process of reduction is almost always coupled with the process of oxidation. Together, these reactions are called oxidation-reduction reactions, or redox reactions. The oxidation and reduction reactions always occur simultaneously
Reduction involves a half-reaction in which a chemical species decreases its oxidation number, usually by gaining electrons. The other half of the reaction involves oxidation, in which electrons are lost.
Reduction involves
1. Reduction is a process which involves;-
2. Removal of oxygen
3. Addition of hydrogen
4. Removal of non-metal,
5. Addition of metal,
6. Decrease in +ve valency,
7. Gain of electrons and
8. Decrease in oxidation number.
For example –
\[F{e_2}{O_3}\; + {\text{ }}3CO{\text{ }} \to {\text{ }}2Fe{\text{ }} + {\text{ }}3{\text{ }}C{O_2}\] iron oxide undergoes reduction (loses oxygen) to form iron while the carbon monoxide is oxidized (gains oxygen) to form carbon dioxide.

So the correct option is (B)

Note:
Good reducing agents include the active metals, such as sodium, magnesium, aluminum, and zinc, which have relatively small ionization energies and low electro-negativities. Metal hydrides, such as \[NaH,{\text{ }}Ca{H_2},{\text{ }}and{\text{ }}LiAl{H_4}\], which formally contain the \[{H^ - } ion\], are also good reducing agents.