Question

The plastids that gives fruits and flowers their orange and yellow colours are
A. Chromoplasts
B. Chloroplasts
C. Cyanoplasts
D. Anthoplasts

Answer 1

Hint: Plastids in the cells of plants and algae are double-membrane organelles. Plastids are responsible for food processing and storage. These often involve pigments used in photosynthesis and various forms of pigments that can alter the colour of the cell.

Complete Answer:
There are various types of plastids with their unique functions. Of these, few are categorised mainly on the basis of the presence or absence of biological pigments and their stage of development.
(I) Chloroplasts
(II) Chromoplasts
(III) Gerontoplasts
(IV) Leucoplasts

- Chloroplasts are semi-porous, double membraned, biconvex shaped cell organelles located within the plant cell mesophyll. They are the sites for the synthesis of food through the mechanism of photosynthesis.
- The name given to a region for all the pigments in the plant to be kept and synthesised is Chromoplasts. These can typically be found in flowering plants, leaves , and fruits that are aged. Converting chloroplasts and chromoplasts.
- Chromoplasts have carotenoid pigments that allow the leaves and fruits to have different colours. Attracting pollinators is the main reason for its distinct colour.
- In some shape or form, all plant cells produce plastids. This roll-call reveals their functional diversity and reveals that plastids are at the very heart of cellular activity in plants. Plastids are the location where essential chemical compounds used by the cells of autotrophic eukaryotes are manufactured and stored.
- All the enzymatic components necessary for photosynthesis are contained in the thylakoid membrane.Interaction inside the thylakoid membrane takes place between chlorophyll, electron carriers, coupling factors, and other components.
- Thus, a specialised structure that plays a key role in the capture of light and electron transfer is the thylakoid membrane. Thus, the centres of synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism are chloroplasts.
- In photosynthesis, they are not only of crucial importance, but also in the storage of primary foods , especially starch. Its role depends largely on the presence of pigments. Usually, a plastid involved in food synthesis produces pigments that are also responsible for the colour of the structure of a plant (for example , green leaf, red flower, yellow fruit, etc.).

The correct answer is option(B) Chromoplasts.

Note: There are several plants from only a single parent that are inherited from the plastids. Angiosperms inherit the female gamete from plastids, while there are many gymnosperms that inherit the male pollen from plastids. Plastids are inherited by algae from only one parent. The plastids-DNA ancestry tends to be 100% one-parent. In hybridization, plastid inheritance tends to be more unpredictable.