Question

The pelvic girdle consists of two coxal bones. Each coxal bone is formed by the fusion of three bones (i), ischium, and (ii). At the point of fusion of these bones, there is a cavity called (iii) to which the thigh bone articulates. The two halves of the pelvic girdle meet ventrally to form the pubic symphysis containing the (iv) cartilage.
(a) (i)Clavicle (ii)Scapula (iii)Sternum (iv)Glenoid
(b) (i)Ulna (ii)Radius (iii)Tarsal (iv)Acromion
(c) (i)Sacrum (ii)Scapula (iii)Clavicle (iv)Glenoid
(d) (i)Ilium (ii)Pubis (iii)Acetabulum (iv)Fibrous

Answer 1

Hint: The pelvic girdle consists of left and right coxal bones and is commonly known as hip bones. The coxal bone consists of three bones that also form a socket whose name literally translates to ‘vinegar cup’ where the head of the femur or thigh bone sits. There is a particular type of cartilage forming the pubic symphysis consisting of collagen fibers.

Complete answer:
- The pelvic girdle consists of two coxal bones. Each coxal bone is formed by the fusion of three bones - ilium, ischium, and pubis. At the point of fusion of these bones, there is a cavity called the acetabulum to which the thigh bone articulates. The two halves of the pelvic girdle meet ventrally to form the pubic symphysis containing the fibrous cartilage.
- The pelvic girdle consists of the left and right coxal bones or the hip bones. Each coxal bone is formed by the fusion of the ilium, ischium, and the pubis. The two coxal bones are joined by the sacrum and the coccyx to form the pelvis.
- The point of fusion forms a cavity or a cup-shaped socket called the acetabulum, which is Latin for ‘vinegar cup’.
- The pubic symphysis is a cartilaginous joint between the pubis of the hip bones. The joint is connected by fibrocartilage.

Additional information:
- The triradiate cartilage separates the ilium, ischium, and pubis until the age of 15-17, when their fusion begins.
- The opening below the acetabulum is known as the obturator foramen.
- The hip bones also have an articulation with the sacrum known as the sacroiliac joint.

So, the correct answer is ‘(i)Ilium (ii)Pubis (iii)Acetabulum (iv)Fibrous’.

Note: - The obturator foramen is present for the obturator nerve, artery, and vein to pass through and reach the lower limb.
- The ends of the pubic bones are covered with hyaline cartilage. They have low healing potential.