Question

The Mughal empire became stronger in the eighteenth century
A. True
B. False

Answer 1

Hint: Mughals are regarded as descendants of Genghis Khan from mother’s side and Descendents of Timur from father’s side. The golden era in the history of Mughal is regarded during the time of Akbar. The reign of Akbar till Aurangzeb is considered strongest in the era of Mughal rule.

Complete answer:
The boundaries of the Mughal empire in the 18th century were shaped again due to the emergence of many kingdoms that were independent in nature. During the early 18th century, India witnessed new political groups that were in an emergency between the death of Aurangzeb in 1707 and the third battle of Panipat that took place in 1761.
The Mughal empire disintegrated after the death of Aurangzeb in 1707 since governors started to consolidate power in their own province. The military and financial power of Aurangzeb decreased in Deccan due to his campaigns. Successors of Aurangzeb were inefficient when it came to keeping a check on the mansabdars and subheaders. There were weak successors after Aurangzeb. The increase in tax by governors in order to recover revenues led to revolts by peasants and zamindars. There were no laws of succession which led to the continuous war for succession. After the reign of Bahadur Shah, weak rulers inherited the throne. Foreign attacks were also faced during the 18th century. Nadir Shah from Iran attacked India in 1739 and Ahmad Shah Abdali from Afghanistan attacked India. Land revenue increased which culminated in a worsening situation of peasants.
So, the correct answer is Option B.

Note: The Mughal Empire declined in the 18th century. Nature and policies followed by Aurangzeb led to the disintegration of the empire. The later Mughal rulers were not capable of keeping the empire together.