Question

The most non-metallic element among the following is:
a.) \[1{{s}^{2}},2{{s}^{2}},2{{p}^{4}}\]
b.) \[1{{s}^{2}},2{{s}^{2}},2{{p}^{2}}\]
c.) \[1{{s}^{2}},2{{s}^{2}},2{{p}^{3}}\]
d.) \[1{{s}^{2}},2{{s}^{2}},2{{p}^{5}}\]

Answer 1

Hint: Non-metallic character of an element relates to its tendency to accept electrons during chemical reactions to attain noble gas configuration. Non-Metallic tendency decreases going down a group. Non-metallic tendency increases going from left to right across the periodic table. Atoms attain noble gas configuration by gaining or losing electrons in order to satisfy the role of an octet.

Complete step by step answer:
The octet rule is a chemical rule of thumb that reflects the observation that main group elements tend to bond in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell, giving it the same electronic configuration as a noble gas. The most non-metallic element among the following is \[1{{s}^{2}},2{{s}^{2}},2{{p}^{5}}\]. It represents halogen. In a period, on moving from left to right, the metallic character decreases and the non-metallic character increases. In any period, halogen is the most non-metallic element.
Hence, the correct answer is that the most non-metallic element is \[1{{s}^{2}},2{{s}^{2}},2{{p}^{5}}\]
So, the correct answer is “Option D”.

Note: Electronegativity is defined as a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons. An element's electronegativity is affected by both its atomic number and the distance at which its valence electrons reside from the charged nucleus. The Halogen family is the most non-metallic family in periodic table and they display physical and chemical properties typical of non-metals. They have comparatively low melting and boiling points that increase steadily down the group. Fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a liquid, and iodine is a solid at room temperature.