Question

The mass number, atomic number and group in the periodic table for RaC in the following change will be:
     \[_{88}R{{a}^{226}}\xrightarrow{-\alpha }Rn\xrightarrow{-\alpha }RaA\xrightarrow{-\beta }RaB\xrightarrow{-\alpha }RaC\]
(A) Atomic number =83; mass number=214; group is V
(B) Atomic number =81; mass number=211; group is V
(C) Atomic number =82; mass number=212; group is IV
(D) Atomic number =80; mass number=213; group is IV

Answer 1

Hint: Radioactivity is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation. The material with unstable nuclei is considered to be radioactive. The information of the group of the element is seen from the electronic configuration of the element.

Complete step by step answer:
Alpha decay or $\alpha $-decay is a type of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle (helium nucleus) and thereby transforms or 'decays' into a different atomic nucleus, with a mass number that is reduced by four and an atomic number that is reduced by two.
Beta Decay occurs in one of the two ways: a) when the nucleus emits an electron and an antineutrino in a process that changes a neutron to a proton b) when the nucleus emits a positron and a neutrino in a process that changes a proton to a neutron.
Since now we know what alpha and beta decay is., we will see the change in atomic number and mass number of the nuclides;
     \[_{88}R{{a}^{226}}{{\xrightarrow{-\alpha }}_{86}}R{{n}^{222}}{{\xrightarrow{-\alpha }}_{84}}Ra{{A}^{218}}{{\xrightarrow{-\beta }}_{85}}Ra{{B}^{218}}{{\xrightarrow{-\alpha }}_{83}}Ra{{C}^{214}}\]
Therefore, the atomic number of RaC will be 83 and mass number will be 214. Group of elements of RaC is V from configuration 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5.
So, the correct answer is “Option A”.

Note: The mass number (symbol A) also called atomic mass number or nucleon number, is the total number of protons and neutrons (together known as nucleons) in an atomic nucleus. It is approximately equal to the atomic (also known as isotopic) mass of the atom expressed in atomic mass units. The mass number is written either after the element name or as a superscript to the left of an element's symbol.