Question

The main component of Bio gas is
A. Methane
B. Benzene
C. Ethylene
D. Ethane

Answer 1

Hint: In this question the basic concept of biogas will be used that it produced by microorganisms, such as methanogens and sulfate – reducing bacteria where it contains about 55-65% methane $\left( {C{H_4}} \right)$, 30-45% carbon dioxide $\left( {C{O_2}} \right)$, traces of hydrogen sulphide $\left( {{H_2}S} \right)$.

Complete step-by-step answer:
Biogas is a mixture of gasses formed by the breakdown of organic matter without oxygen, consisting primarily of methane and carbon dioxide. Biogas can be derived from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, industrial waste, sewage, green waste or food waste. Biogas provides a source of renewable energy.
Biogas produced by anaerobic digestion with methanogen or anaerobic organisms that digest material within a closed system or fermentation of biodegradable materials . This closed system is called anaerobic digester, bio-digester or bio-reactor.
Bio gas is an emerging renewable energy source which is obtained through degradation of organic matter by bacteria under anaerobic conditions. Raw biogas contains about 55-65% methane $\left( {C{H_4}} \right)$, 30-45% carbon dioxide $\left( {C{O_2}} \right)$, traces of hydrogen sulphide $\left( {{H_2}S} \right)$ and fraction of water vapour.
Hence, the main component of bio gas is methane .
Methane is also an important constituent (95%) of natural gas. Methane has high heat of combustion. Hence, it is used as fuel .
$C{H_4} + 2{O_2} \to C{O_2} + 2{H_2}O + heat$

Note: A biogas plant is an efficient way of using microbial activity to produce energy from waste. Biogas produced from biogas plants can be used as low-cost, smoke-free fuel for streetlights and electric engines. The microorganisms involved in biogas production are Methanobacterium, Bacillus, Cellulomonas, Clostridium, Eubacterium and Ruminococcus.