Question

The living organism of an ecosystem collectively constitute
A. producers
B. Decomposers
C. Consumer
D. Biosphere

Answer 1

Hint: Ecosystem is the self-sustaining and self-regulating structural and functional unit of the biosphere (landscape) that consists of biotic and abiotic components and they continuously interact with each other and exchange material between them. The term ecosystem was coined by Tansley in 1935.

Complete answer: The ecosystem is divided into two categories; terrestrial and aquatic and man made ecosystems, while biosphere is the large landscape or global ecosystem composed of living organisms (biota) and non-living (abiotic) factors from which they derive energy and nutrients. Earth’s atmosphere constitutes lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere, which is also called ecosphere. The natural biotic component of an ecosystem makes the biosphere called the landscape or global ecosystem.
a) A producer is the base of the ecosystem. A plant is a producer of the ecosystem because they harvest the energy from abiotic factors and make it available to the rest of the organism, which is passed on to the consumer.
b) A decomposer is also called the recycler of the ecosystem because they feed on the decayed and discarded organic matter of the ecosystem and help in recycling of minerals in the ecosystem and make them available again in the ecosystem.
c) Consumers are organisms that feed on the producer (plants) and animals. They are divided into two categories, namely herbivorous and carnivorous. Organisms that feed on plants are called herbivores and those who feed on herbivores are called carnivores.
Hence, the correct answer is option D.

Note: Ecosystem is composed of two components, namely abiotic that includes air, water, sand, light. Ecosystems are controlled by two factors namely external and internal factors. External factors include climate, parent material which forms the soil and topography, etc.