Question

The largest part of the brain is
A. Olfactory lobe
B. Cerebral hemisphere
C. Corpus callosum
D. Optic lobe

Answer 1

Hint: It is responsible for different body functions and skills such as attention, memory, reasoning, and problem-solving and is the most important sense organs perceiving the sensory information of the body.

Complete answer:
A brain is an organ that acts as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrates and most of the invertebrate animals. It controls all functions of the body and interprets information from the outside world. The largest part of the brain is the cerebrum which is made up of the right and left hemispheres. It performs various functions in higher organisms like interpreting touch, vision, and hearing, speech, emotions, learning, and also the fine control of movement.

Additional Information: -The brain is located in the head region of an individual and is present usually close to the sensory organs.
-The brain can be divided into three major parts:
Forebrain - The largest part of the brain. It is the anterior part of the brain. The forebrain parts include Cerebrum, Hypothalamus, and Thalamus.
Midbrain - The smallest and the central part of the brain. The midbrain consists of - Tectum, and Tegmentum.
Hindbrain - The central region of the brain. The hindbrain is composed of - Cerebellum, Medulla, and Pons.
-The three regions of the hindbrain coordinate all processes necessary for survival. These induce breathing, heartbeat, sleep, wakefulness, and motor learning.
-The cerebrum is responsible for thinking, intelligence, consciousness, and memory. It is also responsible for interpreting touch, hearing, and vision.
-Hypothalamus is responsible for receiving impulses, regulating body temperature, controlling the mood and emotions, controlling the sense of taste and smell, synthesizing the body’s essential hormones, and coordinating the messages from the autonomous nervous system.
-Thalamus is found in the limbic system within the cerebrum. This limbic system is mainly responsible for the formation of new memories and storing past experiences.
-The tectum provides a passage for the different neurons moving in and out of the cerebrum.
-Tegmentum is mainly involved in body movements, sleep, arousal, attention, and different necessary reflexes.
-The main function of the cerebellum is mainly coordination and maintenance of the balance of the body at the time of walking, running, riding, swimming, and they hold control of the voluntary movements.
-Medulla oblongata helps us in maintaining our posture and controlling our reflexes.
-Pons help in controlling sleep cycles, regulating the magnitude and frequency of the respiration, and transfers information between the cerebellum and motor cortex.
So, the correct answer is ‘Cerebral hemisphere’.

Note: The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of two major parts: the brain and the spinal cord while the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is made up of - spinal nerves (that branch from the spinal cord), and cranial nerves (that branch from the brain). It is mainly composed of neurons – the fundamental unit of the brain and nervous system.