Question

The largest blood vessel that delivers oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the tissues of the body is known as …………..
(a) Systemic artery
(b) Lingual artery
(c) Pulmonary artery
(d) Aorta

Answer 1

Hint: Originating from the left ventricle of the heart and extending down to the abdomen, it is the primary and largest artery in the human body where it divides into two smaller arteries (the normal iliac arteries). Via systemic circulation, the aorta distributes oxygenated blood to all areas of the body.

Complete step by step answer:
The aorta rises as the ascending aorta from the heart, turns over the heart (the aortic arch) to the left, and arches and passes downward as the descending aorta. In order to supply the heart muscle, the left and right coronary arteries branch from the ascending aorta. From the aortic arch, the three main arteries branch and give rise to more branches that supply the head, neck, upper limbs, and upper part of the body with oxygenated blood. The descending aorta runs past the heart, lungs, and esophagus through the posterior center of the trunk, through an opening in the diaphragm, and into the abdominal cavity. The aorta releases a number of branches into the abdominal cavity, creating a vast network that provides blood to the stomach, liver, pancreas, spleen, small and large intestines, kidneys, reproductive glands, and other organs. The aorta splits into the right and left popular iliac arteries, the main arteries to the legs, at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebrae, which is about even at the top of the hip bones.

Additional information:
The lingual artery between the superior thyroid and facial arteries is a branch of the external carotid artery. Medially, the lingual artery passes to the broader horn of the hyoid bone and crosses through the hypoglossal nerve inferiorly and facially.
An artery in the pulmonary circulation that carries deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs is a pulmonary artery. The primary pulmonary artery or pulmonary trunk from the heart is the largest pulmonary artery, and the smallest are the arterioles, leading to the capillaries that cover the pulmonary alveoli.

So, the correct answer is ‘aorta’.

Note:
The postoperative blood flow pattern in the ascending aorta could influence aortic remodeling after aortic valve replacement (AVR). This pilot study used four-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (4D-flow) flow-sensitive to identify the characteristics of ascending aortic flow after different forms of AVR.