Question

The growth of apical bud stops the growth of the axillary bud. This phenomenon is known as
A) Apical dominance
B) Photomorphogenesis
C) Photoperiodism
D) None of the above

Answer 1

Hint: The word apical means terminal. Apical buds are present at the tip of the plant and cause all the axillary buds to remain below them.

Complete answer:
Apical bud is observed due to the high presence of auxin. Auxin promotes stem elongation, inhibiting growth of lateral buds by giving rise to apical buds. It is produced in most of the tips as in the stem, buds, and root tips.
Photomorphogenesis is the development of plants under the presence of light. It has three types of pigment as in phytochrome absorbs red light and far-red light, cryptochrome blue light mediator and phototropin which controls chloroplast movement.
Photoperiodism is the effect of daylength on plants. Some plants are Short day plant flowers when day length is less than critical day length and long day plants are those which flower when length of day is longer than critical day length.
So, the growth of the apical bud stops the growth of the axillary bud. This phenomenon is known as Apical dominance.

So, the correct answer here would be option A.

Note:
Apical dominance can be avoided by applying cytokinin which directs the nutrient toward lateral bud rather than apical bud and giving rise to lateral buds.