Question

The Ghadar Party was founded(November 1913) in the USA by ________.
A. Madam Bhikaji Cama
B. Lala Har Dayal
C. Shyamji Krishana Verma
D. Both (a) and (b) above

Answer 1

Hint: The Ghadar Movement was an international political movement established at the beginning of the 20th century by expatriate Indians to overthrow British rule in India. Early membership consisted mainly of Punjabi Indians who lived and worked on the West Coast of the United States and Canada but later spread to India and Indian diaspora communities around the world. iThe official founding date of the meeting was 15 July 1913 in Astoria, Oregon, with the headquarters of Ghadar and Hindustan Ghadar newspaper based in San Francisco, California.

Step by step answer: After the outbreak of World War I in 1914, several members of the Ghadar Party returned to Punjab to incite an armed revolt for Indian independence. Ghadarites smuggled weapons into India, inciting Indian troops to mutiny against the British. This rebellion, known as Ghadar Mutiny, was unsuccessful, and 42 mutinies were executed following the trial of the Lahore Conspiracy. From 1914 to 1917, Ghadarites continued underground anti-colonial acts with the help of Germany and Ottoman Turkey, known as the Hindu-German Conspiracy, which led to a sensational trial in San Francisco in 1917.
At the end of the war, the party in the United States split into a communist and an Indian socialist faction. In 1948, the party was officially disbanded. Key participants in the Ghadar movement included Bhai Parmanand, Vishnu Ganesh Pingle, Sohan Singh Bhakna, Bhagwan Singh Gyane, Har Dayal, Tarak Nath Das, Bhagat Singh Thind, Kartar Singh Sarabha, Abdul Hafiz Mohamed Barakatullah, Rashbehari Bose, and Gulab Kaur.
Although its efforts to overthrow the British Raj were unsuccessful, the Ghadar Party's insurrectionary principles inspired members of the Indian Independence Movement as opposed to Gandhian non-violence.

Thus, the answer is option B: Lala Har Dayal

Note: Nationalist feelings were also being developed around the world between South Asian emigrants and students, where they could organize more openly than in British India. Several dozen students came to study at the University of Berkeley, some spurred on by a scholarship offered by a wealthy Punjabi farmer. Revolutionary intellectuals like Har Dayal and Taraknath Das have tried to organize students and train them in anarchist and nationalist ideas.