Question

The gastrointestinal hormone, which stimulates insulin secretion is
a. Gastrin
b. CCK
c. Secretin
d. GIP

Answer 1

Hint: Gastrointestinal hormones are the group of hormones which are secreted by the enteroendocrine cells, of stomach, pancreas, and intestine, where it controls various functions of the digestive system and organs and it is said to be that the hormones which are produced by this digestive system organs act as neurotransmitters and neuromodulators on peripheral nervous system.

Complete answer:
- In the digestive system, the enteroendocrine cells do not form the glands, but secrete the hormones.
- Based on the nature of chemical substances they are divided into the following types. They are Gastrin- cholecystokinin family, from where gastrin and cholecystokinin is released.
- Another group is the secretin family which secretes, some of the hormones such as secretin, glucagon, vasoactive intestinal peptide and gastric inhibitory peptide or glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide and another family is the somatostatin family.
- When coming to the function of gastrin, they are usually produced or secreted by the cells of the duodenum and the intestine and the function is to increase the secretion of the gastric juices and increase the motility.
- When comes to the cholecystokinin, it’s usually secreted in the duodenum and jejunum, when it comes to the action, the cause the secretion pancreatic enzymes, such as insulin, glucagon and it causes the contraction of the gallbladder and also increase the intestinal motility.
- Secretin is produced by the duodenum and jejunum, where it decreases the production of gastrin and gastric juices secretion.
- Vasoactive intestinal peptide relaxes the smooth muscles of the gut and enhances the secretion of water and other minerals.
- Glucose-dependent insulin tropic peptide is produced by the cells of the duodenum and jejunum, where it’s function is to stimulate the release of insulin and also stimulates the small intestine to release the water and electrons and inhibits gastrin secretion.

Hence, The correct answer is option (D).

Note: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide has an active influence on the food intake, and it shows the action on adipocytes, it is the member of the hormone family called incretins, which it also includes offer hormones called a glucagon-like peptide.