Question

The functional unit of the Golgi apparatus is
A. Thylakoids
B. Oxysomes
C. Cristae
D. Cisternae

Answer 1

Hint:Golgi apparatus is an organelle that forms a complex of vesicles and folding membranes within the cytoplasm that participate in the secretion and intracellular transportation of eukaryotic cells. This helps in the modification, processing, and packaging of proteins for secretion and also helps in the transport of lipids and the formation of lysosomes.

Complete answer:The cisternae, which are considered the functional units of this organelle, are the folds of the Golgi body. The Golgi apparatus is a cell organelle found in eukaryotic cells. It was discovered in 1897 by an Italian physicist, Camillo Golgi. Within the cytoplasm, the Golgi apparatus forms a complex of vesicles and folded membranes that are involved in secretion and assist in intracellular transport. In general, the appearance of the cisternae is compared to a deflated balloon stack.

The stacks of the Golgi body join vesicles that extend from the endoplasmic reticulum. It plays an important role in modifying and transporting the proteins produced within the cell in the Endoplasmic Reticulum. The primary role of this apparatus is to guide the body's essential carbohydrates and proteins to their proper destination. The roles of cisternae change as they undergo various stages of maturation. Vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum are received by immature cisternae. The next stage begins when cisternae exchange material for carbohydrate synthesis through vesicles. The mature cisternae enter the final stage when the cargo proteins are sent to transport carriers.

Hence, the correct response is D- 'Cisternae’.

Note: A flattened membrane disc of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi body may be a cistern (plural cisternae). There can be anywhere from three to twenty cisternae in a Golgi stack, but most contain about six cisternae. Golgi cisternae are often divided into four categories: cis, medial, trans, and TGN (trans-Golgi network). Each type of cistern includes numerous enzymes to stop any redundant enzymatic operation. Multiple stacking occurs in almost all cisternae within the Golgi body. There are evolutionary lines, however, during which the stacked function is lost.