Question

The Frontier Gandhi actively participated in
1. Khilafat Movement
2. Non-Cooperation Movement
3. Civil Disobedience Movement
4. All the above

Answer 1

Hint:
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan is also known as Frontier Gandhi.
In the year 1930, he led a movement in Peshawar following the methods as specified by Mahatma Gandhi.


Complete answer:
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, who is known as “Frontier Gandhi” was born on 6 February 1890.
He belonged to a Pashtun family from Utmanzai in the Peshawar Valley of British India.
In the year 1910, he opened a mosque school in his hometown and was just 20 years old at that time.
After five years of opening the school, the Britishers closed the school because they thought that anti-British activities were going on in that school.
Khan was strongly in opposition about the partition of India.
In 1929, he founded the Khadi Khidmatgar (“Servants of God”) movement.
The movement was a great success and earned his team and supporters a harsh suppression from the British Raj. It was one of the worst suppression of the Indian Independence Struggle.
The Civil Disobedience Movement of 1930 was the defining moment for Ghaffar Khan and the Pakhtuns he led. He led the civil disobedience movement in “Peshawar”. Several people actively took part in the Civil Disobedience movement under his leadership, following the methods as specified by Mahatma Gandhi.
Khan was also a participant in the Dandi March that was led by Mahatma Gandhi. He was arrested for the same, in 1930. Thousands of his followers protested against this by surrounding the jail and many more marched in Peshawar and other places. To suppress the non-violent rebellion, the British resorted to firing on the unarmed protestors, yet Khan’s followers declined to retaliate with violence.



The answer is 3. Civil Disobedience Movement


Note:
Khan got many harsh criticisms from many of his followers who favoured partition into an independent Hindu-majority India and a Muslim-majority Pakistan.
It was at this time that he was given a second nickname of "Frontier Gandhi," meaning the Gandhi from the Northwest border, the region adjacent to Afghanistan.