Question

The flame cell system of Helminthes work
(a)To remove ammonium ions and uric acid
(b)To remove uric acid
(c)To regulate pH
(d)For osmoregulation

Answer 1

Hint: The flame cells are the excretory cell present in the freshwater invertebrates, like flatworms, rotifers, etc.

Complete answer:
The flame cells help in the process of regulation of the osmotic pressure of the fluids and the electrolytes in organisms. Their main function is to regulate the osmotic pressure of the worm and maintain its ionic balance.

Additional information
-Helminths are also known as a parasitic worm.
-They are macroparasites, and are generally present in the intestine or sometimes in the blood.
-They acquire nutrients by absorbing them from the surface of the host.
-These worms cause an infection known as helminthiasis or worm infection inside the intestine.
-The helminths do not have a part in the evolution and the term is artificial.
-Flame cells act as a kidney that removes waste materials.
-The organ of excretion is called protonephridia which is formed by the bundles of flame cells.
-The protonephridia is a network of tube cells with no internal openings.
-The flame cells have microvilli which help in absorbing the ions for maintaining iconic balance.
-The excretory system of helminths is also known as blind tubules having a cluster of cilia or flagellum to remove waste products.
So, the correct answer is ‘For osmoregulation'.
Note: The organisms which excrete nitrogenous waste in the form of ammonium ions are called ammonotelic (example – aquatic animals). Those organisms which excrete nitrogenous waste in the form of urea are called ureotelic organisms (example – fishes, amphibians, and mammals including humans). Those organisms which excrete nitrogenous waste in the form of uric acid or its salt are called uricotelic organisms (example – insects, birds, and reptiles).