Question

The first countrywide pressure group of the organized Indian working class
A. Hind Mazdoor Sabha
B. Indian Mining Federation
C. All India Trade Union Congress
D. Indian National Trade Union Congress

Answer 1

Hint: The trade unions in India are registered under the Trade Union Act of 1926. The Labour Bureau under the Ministry of Labour keeps a track of these unions.

Complete answer: The textile mills around Calcutta, Bombay, Surat and Madras. This led to an influx of industrial workers. There were several strikes and protests and this led to the formulation of a trade union. The first countrywide pressure group of the organized Indian working class is the All India Trade Union Congress(AITUC). The All India Trade Union Congress is the first and oldest trade union in India. From 194, trade unions were being organised on party lines. Since then the AITUC was associated with the Communist Party Of India. It was founded by Lala Lajpat Rai on 31st October 1920. Lajpat Rai became its first President.
The history of labour exploitation can be traced back to the 19th century British Rule where the class of general labour emerged. The Indian peasants were inspired by the October Revolution in Russia in 1917 which for the first time in history gave power in the hands of the peasants. The great strike in the cotton mills and the opposition against the Rowlatt Act created a background for all the workers to come together and hence the ALL India Trade Union Congress was formed.
Therefore, option D is correct.

Note: In its first Conference in 1920, leaders from different political parties were invited who had different opinions. Later on CR Das, Sarojini Naidu, Jawaharlal Nehru helped with the works of the AITUC and gave them an impetus.