Question

The filtration unit of the kidney is called
A) Ureter
B) Urethra
C) Neurons
D) Nephrons

Answer 1

Hint: It is a functional unit of the kidney and produces urine. The process of removal of waste and excess substance from the blood ultimately produces urine. It also works as a two- step process, Firstly it filters our blood and secondly returns needed substance in our blood and removes wastes.

Complete step by step answer:
- Our kidney is made up of millions of filtering units called nephrons. Each of the nephrons includes a filter called the glomerulus and a tubule.

- The nephrons work in a two-step process:
1) The blood is filtered by the glomerulus.
2) The needed substance is returned by the tubule in blood and then removed waste.
- When the filtrate passes through the tubule of the nephron, it's concentration increases into the urine. The waste products are passed from the blood into the filtrate and the needed nutrients are absorbed again from the filtrate into the blood.
- There are 3 parts of a nephron - renal corpuscle, a renal tubule, and the associated capillary network which generate from the cortical radiate arteries.
- The renal corpuscle present in the renal cortex is composed of a large network of capillaries called a glomerulus and a cup- shaped chamber called glomerular or Bowman's capsules.

Additional information:
Ureter: Urine is carried out from the kidney to the urinary bladder by ureter.
Urethra: Male urethra connects the urinary bladder to the penis. The female urethra is a simple tube- like structure whose purpose is conducting urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.
Neurons- these are cells within the nervous system which transfer information to the other nerve cells or muscle cells.
So, the correct answer is, "Nephrons".

Note: Each kidney of humans mainly consists of about 1,000,000 Nephrons.
- primitive fish, amphibian larvae, and embryos of more advanced vertebrates contain the most primitive nephrons.
- Reptiles birds and mammals contains advanced nephrons which occur in the adult kidneys or metanephros.