Question

The enzyme that controls the hydrolysis of proteins into peptides is
(a) Amylase
(b) Niacin
(c) Trypsins
(d) Pepsin

Answer 1

Hint: Proteins that act as biological catalysts are known as enzymes. Catalysts help to speed up chemical reactions. Substrates are the molecules on which enzymes can act, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules called products.

Complete answer:
Option A: Amylases: Amylases are one of the most commonly used enzymes in industry. Enzymes like these hydrolyze starch molecules into polymers made up of glucose units. Amylases have the potential to be used in a variety of industrial processes, including food, fermentation, and pharmaceuticals.
Option B: Niacin: Niacin, like all B vitamins, aids enzymes in the conversion of food into energy. Niacin is a major component of the coenzymes NAD and NADP, which are involved in cellular metabolism.
Option C: Trypsin: Trypsin: is an enzyme that aids in protein digestion. Trypsin breaks down proteins in the small intestine, continuing the digestion process that began in the stomach. It is also known as a proteinase or a proteolytic enzyme.
Option D: Pepsin: Pepsin: is the enzyme that regulates the hydrolysis of proteins into peptides.
Pepsin is an enzyme that degrades food proteins into peptides. Its zymogen (pepsinogen) is released by the chief cells in the stomach. The hydrolysis of starch into sugars is catalyzed by an enzyme called amylase. Amylase is found in the saliva of humans and other mammals, where it starts the chemical reaction of digestion.
During a meal, trypsin is a protein-digesting enzyme found in pancreatic juices secreted into the small intestine. Trypsin is secreted by your pancreas as trypsinogen, an inactive proenzyme. An enzyme called enteropeptidase, which is secreted by intestinal cells, cuts off a small piece of trypsinogen to produce the active trypsin enzyme once it reaches the intestine. Activated trypsin, in turn, breaks down food proteins.
It is critical to have enough niacin, also known as a vitamin , in the body for overall health. Higher doses of niacin can improve cholesterol levels and reduce cardiovascular risks as a treatment.

As a result, option D is the correct option.

Note: Proteins are broken down into smaller polypeptides or amino acids during proteolysis. The hydrolysis of peptide bonds without a catalyst is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is usually catalyzed by proteases, but it can also happen through intramolecular digestion.