Question

The energy-releasing process in living organisms is
(a) Reflex action
(b) Respiration
(c) Blood circulation
(d) Reproduction

Answer 1

Hint: The process works by moving electrons from a high energy state to a low energy state. In this process, the end product is ATP which is used for regular metabolic activities.

Complete answer:
Respiration is a process where chemical energy in the form of carbohydrates, lipids, or protein is used to produce ATP. There are two kinds of cellular respiration: aerobic in which glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation where there is a need for oxygen to produce energy, and others are anaerobic in which glycolysis, fermentation occurs without the need of oxygen. The first two stages of cellular respiration produce ATP and their main purpose to provide the electron to the electron transport chain.

So, the correct answer is, ‘respiration.’

Additional Information:
- Respiration supplies energy for chemical changes in the cell, cell division, germination, muscle contraction, etc.
- During anaerobic respiration, energy is released from glucose without the presence of oxygen known as fermentation. There are two types of fermentation processes: alcoholic and lactic acid.
- Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondrial cristae and produces about 32 molecules of ATP.

Note:
- ATP or adenosine triphosphate is the short term energy currency store produced by mitochondria during ETC and used by cells to perform daily tasks.
- The cell gets energy by breaking down the high energy bonds between the last two phosphates in ATP.
- ADP can be reproduced into ATP later when the cell has food that can be broken down.