
The molecule has which molecular geometry, as dictated by the hybridization, and polarity?
(A) , non-polar
(B) , polar
(C) , polar
(D) , non-polar
Answer
448.8k+ views
Hint : First calculate the no of bonds formed by in . Next, find the no of lone pairs and calculate the steric number. After you get the steric number, you will be able to tell the hybridization of the molecule and thus its shape. Next, explain why is polar in nature. Try to use diagrams to explain the theoretical aspects of the question.
Complete Step By Step Answer:
or Fluoromethane has a molecular geometry. However, it is a polar molecule.
To check for its molecular structure, we will first obtain the hybridization of :
In ,
No of bonds are ( hydrogen atoms and fluorine atom)
No of lone pairs
Here, no of valence electrons in free state
no of bonds formed (both and included)
charge on atom that forms the bonds
In , , ,
no of lone pairs
We know that,
Steric number no of lone pairs + no of bonds
And we know that if the steric number is then the hybridization of is and thus, it has a tetrahedral shape.
As shown in above diagram, in , carbon atom is central and it has four covalent bonds with hydrogen and fluorine atoms which contribute to its tetrahedral geometric shape. Since the electronegativity of fluorine is quite high as compared to carbon and hydrogen atoms, it acquires a partial negative charge and other atoms in the molecule acquire a partial positive charge thus making the molecule polar. Also, due to very high electronegativity of fluorine, the dipole moment of becomes non zero.
Therefore, option B is correct.
Note :
Always calculate the bonds carefully. Also keep in mind the formula of calculating lone pairs as any mistake in calculating lone pairs can lead to an incorrect steric number which ultimately leads to an incorrect hybridization and a wrong molecular structure. Try to use diagrams in explanation of theoretical aspects of the question and make them as clear as possible.
Complete Step By Step Answer:
To check for its molecular structure, we will first obtain the hybridization of
In
No of
No of lone pairs
Here,
In
We know that,
Steric number
And we know that if the steric number is

As shown in above diagram, in
Therefore, option B is correct.
Note :
Always calculate the
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