Question

The causal organism of Kala-azar is
a.Plasmodium vivax
b.Leishmania Donovan
c.Trypanosoma lewisi
d.Wuchereria bancrofti

Answer 1

Hint: Kala-azar is also known as visceral leishmaniasis and it is caused by the protozoans parasites. The parasites drift to the liver, spleen and bone marrow.

Complete answer:
Let's discuss the above options and find the correct answer:
A. Plasmodium vivax: It is a human pathogen and mostly spreads the disease malaria and they are the protozoans parasites. But the most effective malaria-causing parasite is Plasmodium falciparum and it is the most deadly parasite among the others. The female Anopheles mosquitoes carry this parasite.
B. Leishmania Donovan: It is the parasites that cause Kala-azar and it is the human parasite. It is the intercellular species that come under the genus Leishmania. It affects the liver, spleen and bone marrow. The symptoms of kala-azar are that there is a pain in the stomach, fever, low blood count, night sweats etc. It is caused by the spread of parasite bite from the infected female sandflies to humans.
C. Trypanosoma lewisi: It is the most widely spread of parasite Rattus species found mostly in America. It is non-pathogenic but is very dangerous for rats.
D. Wuchereria bancrofti: It is a human parasitic worm that causes the disease filariasis. These worms are spread by several mosquito vector species. It is the major cause of the chronic disease known as the lymphatic filariasis. It affects the immune system and the inflammatory response of the host.
Hence, the correct option is B.

Note: The parasite of kala-azar infects the reticuloendothelial system and is found in large numbers in the bone marrow. It is the slow processing infection.