Question

The Bowman’s capsule, a part of the kidney is the site of
A. Filtration of blood constituents
B. Re-absorption of water and glucose
C. Formation of ammonia
D. Formation of urea

Answer 1

Hint: Bowman's capsule is the part of the nephron which is the structural and functional unit of kidneys. Bowman's capsule is a double-walled cup-shaped structure that encloses glomerulus I.e. tuft of capillaries. The kidneys carry out the function of elimination of waste products from the body i.e., carry out the function of excretion. It has various parts that carry out the function of filtration, absorption, or re-absorption at various sites.

Complete answer:Kidneys are made up of cortex and medulla. Each kidney has nearly millions of nephrons. Each nephron is made up of the glomerulus and renal tubules. Each renal tubule is made up of bowman's capsule, which continues to highly coiled network proximal convoluted tubule then to the hairpin shaped loop of Henle which continues to highly coiled Distal convoluted tubule and DCTs of many nephrons converge and open into collecting duct. Each part of the nephron has its function.
Option -A- Filtration of blood constituents
The primary function of kidneys is the filtration of blood to eliminate wastes from the body via urine. It is the very first step in urine formation. First, there is glomerular filtration. Blood is filtered through three layers of capillaries, endothelial cells, bowman's epithelial cells, and basement membrane between them. Each constituent of plasma is filtered except plasma proteins and the process called ultrafiltration.
Option -B- Re-absorption of water and glucose
A very large part of reabsorption is carried by the PCT (proximal convoluted tubule). Here, reabsorption off the water, important ions such as chloride, sodium, potassium occur. Also, glucose is reabsorbed here. So it is the function of PCT.
Option -C- Formation of ammonia
Ammonia is produced mainly from proximal tubules however, all renal tubules produce ammonia. In these renal tubules, conversion of ammonia to ammonium ion occurs which involves active secretion of hydrogen ion critical for maintenance of acid-base balance.
Option -D- Formation of urea
It is the process that occurs in the liver in which either oxidation of amino acids or ammonia. The reabsorption of urea occurs from the collecting duct to maintain the osmolarity.

 So, the correct answer to this question is an option” A”.

Note:Excretion – It is the process of elimination of metabolic wastes from the body. It is carried out by different organs in different animals. Excretion is mainly carried out by kidneys in mammals. It is the most essential part of life.