Question

The book named “Philosophic Zoologique” was published in 1809 and was written by
A) Mendel
B) Darwin
C) Devries
D) Lamarck

Answer 1

Hint:Philosophic zoologique is a book of Zoological Philosophy was written in 1809 by a French naturalist. In this book he outlines his pre Darwinian theory of evolution. The writer was a member of French Academy of Sciences and a professor of botany.

Complete answer:
This book consists of two laws that enable animal species to acquire characteristics under the influence of environment:-
First law stated that use or disuse would cause body structures to grow or shrink.
Second law stated that these changes would be inherited.
“Philosophic Zoologique” is a book which outlines the theory of evolution written by Jean-Baptiste now it is known as Lamarckism.
Features of “Philosophic Zoologique” are:-
This book was read carefully but its thesis rejected.
The evolutionary theory made little immediate impact on his fellow zoologists.
The writer Lamarck gave names to a number of vestigial structures in the book.
 He also proposed the transmutation of species, but was not able to believe that all living beings shared a common ancestor.
 Instead he believed that simple forms of life were created continuously by spontaneous generation.
The first volume of the book contains natural history, the second physiology and third volume concerns psychology.

Hence the correct answer is option ‘D’ Lamarck.

Note: Lamarck made maximum impact outside France and after his death the other leading scientists like Ernst Haeckel, Charles Lyell and Darwin recognized him as a major Zoologist.