Question

The _____________ are the microtubules, which take part in the glyoxylate pathway, bounded by a single membrane and are usually present in germinating fatty seeds.
(a) Glyoxysomes
(b) Peroxisomes
(c) Sphaerosomes
(d) Lysosomes

Answer 1

Hint: They contain enzymes that initiate the breakdown of fatty acids. They have enzymes to produce intermediate products for the synthesis of sugars by gluconeogenesis. The growing seedlings utilise sugars synthesized from fats. Once the seeds grow, it prepares its food by photosynthesis.

Complete answer:
Glyoxysomes are the microtubules which are found in plants and also in filamentous fungi. They are single membranous and are a special type of peroxisomes. Glyoxysomes contain isocitrate lyase and malate synthase which are key enzymes of glyoxylate cycle. The glyoxylate cycle centres convert acetyl-coA to succinate which is necessary for the synthesis of carbohydrate.

1. Peroxisomes - It is a membranous organelle where hydrogen peroxide is produced.
2. Sphaerosomes - These are small membrane bound organelle which synthesises and stores lipids.
3. Lysosomes - It is known as suicidal bags of the cell. It contains digestive enzymes and is responsible for eating out of the worn out parts of the cell.

Hence the correct answer is option (a) i.e., Glyoxysomes.

Note: The function of glyoxysomes are:
1. It is the source of lipid which provides energy to form shoots and root during germination.
2. The lipid stores of germinating seeds are used for the formation of the carbohydrates which is utilised in the growth and development of plants.
3. It plays a special role in photorespiration and nitrogen fixation.