Question

The ability to change the amino acid sequence of a protein by altering the sequence of its cDNA is called
A. Genetic engineering
B. Protein engineering
C. Fingerprinting
D. DNA sequencing

Answer 1

Hint: Genetic engineering is the process in which we make manipulation in the gene segment of a circular DNA. When the amino acid sequence is altered then that process is known as protein engineering.

Complete answer: The ability to change the amino acid sequence of a particular protein by altering the sequence of its amino acid is known as protein engineering.
1. It is the process in which proteins are engineered for their use in larger quantities.
2. Protein engineering is used these days in a lot of processes and is very important for humans, as it forms important proteins in larger quantities by cloning techniques.
3. These engineered proteins form the protein library and can be used in the future.

Additional information: There are two important strategies for protein engineering: rational protein design and directed evolution method.
1. These methods are not exclusive; researchers will generally apply both.
2. In the future, more detailed knowledge of protein structure and function, and advances in high-throughput screening, may greatly enlarge the abilities of protein engineering.
3. Eventually, even unnatural amino acids may be considered, via newer methods, such as expanded genetic code, that permits encoding novel amino acids in genetic code.

Hence, the correct option is (B), Protein engineering.

Note: Process of protein engineering is very advantageous to the human population. It is different from genetic engineering only because it changes the whole amino acid codon and not just some segment of the gene.