Question

Tendrils of vitis (grapevine) are homologous to tendrils of Cucurbita but analogous to those of Pea. Justify the above statement.

Answer 1

Hint: Tendrils of the grapevine are known to be homologous to the tendrils of the cucurbits; this is due to the fact that both are formed from the stem. Tendrils of pea are not homologous to those of grapevine because they are formed from leaves.

Complete answer:
Homologous parts refer to the parts which have the same origin. The two parts which are homologous to each other have different functions. Besides, analogous parts are those which have different Origins but the two parts which are analogous to each other perform the same functions.
Tendrils of vitis and tendrils of Cucurbita have the same origin, that is, they both rise from the stem portion thus they are homologous to each other. Tendrils of grapevine provide support and attachment and tendrils of Cucurbita are used for climbing, thus, they perform different functions in both.
On the other side, tendrils of grapevines and tendrils of pea have different origins. Tendrils of grapevine, as already discussed, are the stem modification whereas the tendrils of pea plants are the transformation of leaves. Also tendrils in both The Herbs serve the same function.
Tendrils of grapevine provide support and attachment and tendrils of pea, also serve a similar function of providing support to the stem. Thus, on this account of different origin and similar function tendrils of grapevine and those of pea are analogous to each other.

Note: The homologous parts have the same structure and they mostly develop in closely related species. Homologous organs help to study the phylogenetic relationships between species. Homologous and analogous parts are also found in animals such as homology of wings of birds.