Question

Suggest two methods to liquefy atmospheric gases?

Answer 1

Hint :The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases, generally known as air, that surrounds the planet Earth and forms its planetary atmosphere, and is held in place by gravity. The atmosphere of Earth preserves life on Earth by providing pressure on the surface that allows liquid water to exist, absorbing ultraviolet solar radiation, warming the surface via heat retention (greenhouse effect), and decreasing temperature extremes between day and night (the diurnal temperature variation).

Complete Step By Step Answer:
The physical conversion of a gas to a liquid form is known as liquefaction (condensation). Gas liquefaction is a complex process that employs a variety of compressions and expansions to produce high pressures and extremely low temperatures, such as turboexpanders. The gases are greatly compressed into a tiny volume when adequate pressure is applied. Gas particles become so near to one another that they begin to attract one another and form a liquid. By bringing the particles of gases closer together, atmospheric gases can be liquefied by either lowering the temperature or raising the pressure.
Squeezing gas molecules together may be accomplished in one of two ways: raising the pressure on the gas or reducing the temperature of the gas.
Linde's method.
The Linde method liquefies air by compressing, cooling, and expanding it repeatedly, each expansion resulting in a significant fall in temperature. Because the molecules travel more slowly and take up less space at lower temperatures, the air changes phase to liquid.
Claude's method
Claude's technique, in which the gas is allowed to expand isentropically twice in two chambers, may likewise liquefy air. As it passes through an expansion turbine, the gas has to work while expanding. Because the turbine would be destroyed if the gas became liquid, it is not yet liquid. By expanding the air to supercritical pressures, commercial air liquefaction facilities avoid this difficulty. Isenthalpic expansion in a thermal expansion valve is used to complete the liquefaction process.

Note :
Liquid nitrogen is used in cryosurgery, by inseminators to freeze sperm, and by field and lab scientists to preserve samples. Liquid oxygen is provided to hospitals for conversion to gas for patients with breathing problems, and liquid nitrogen is used in the medical field for cryosurgery, and by field and lab scientists to preserve samples. Liquefied chlorine is transported to be dissolved in water and used for water purification, sanitation of industrial waste, sewage, and swimming pools, bleaching of pulp and textiles, and the production of carbon tetrachloride, glycol, and a variety of other organic compounds, as well as phosgene gas.