Question

State true or false.
a.A liquid is less random than a gas.
b.Entropy increases from gas to liquid.
A,True, false
B.False, true
C.True, true
D.False, false

Answer 1

Hint: The more is the intermolecular force of attraction, lesser will be the randomness of that state and lesser is the intermolecular force of attraction, more will be the randomness. Entropy is the degree of randomness.

Complete step by step answer:
-Entropy is the measure of degree of randomness or degree of disorder in a system. Entropy basically signifies the spontaneous changes that occur in everyday life. Spontaneous process is that which happens on its own.
-Entropy is a thermodynamic function and it depends upon the state of the system and not the path followed by the system to reach final state from initial state. Hence it is a state function it is generally represented by S. SI unit for entropy is \[{\text{J}}{{\text{K}}^{ - 1}}{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}\]. Entropy depends upon the number of particles in the system and hence is an extensive property. Since the intermolecular force of attraction is strongest in solid then in liquid and gas has least intermolecular force of attraction.
-Gases are free to move and have a very high degree of randomness or disorder. So they have the highest entropy among all states. Liquid on the other hand which has more intermolecular forces of attraction has less randomness. More is the randomness, more is the entropy.
Hence, Liquid is less random than gas or entropy of gas is more than liquid.
The statement A is true whereas statement B is false.

The correct option is A.

Note:
According to the second law of thermodynamics the entropy of the universe is increasing continuously. The total entropy change is always positive. All naturally occurring spontaneous processes are thermodynamically irreversible.