Question

State Archimedes principle.

Answer 1

Hint: Here, we will first know the basics of Archimedes principle, further we will know some limitations of the principle. From Archimedes' principle some other physical quantities like weight, gravity, buoyant force come into picture.

Complete step-by-step answer:
Archimedes principle states that an object immersed in a fluid experiences some buoyant force that is equal in magnitude to the force of gravity on the displaced fluid. It is also known as the law of buoyancy.
The weight of the displaced fluid is equal to the subtraction of weight of object in vacuum and weight of object in fluid.
The weight of the displaced fluid is directly proportional to the volume of the displaced fluid (if the surrounding fluid is of uniform density).
The buoyant force on a body floating in a liquid or gas is also equivalent in magnitude to the weight of the floating object and is opposite in direction. So, in this situation the object neither rises nor sinks.

Additional Information:
This principle was discovered by the ancient Greek mathematician and inventor Archimedes.
We should also know about the buoyant force. This is an upward force exerted by a fluid which opposes the weight of a partially or fully immersed object in the fluid. Here, in the fluid, pressure increases with depth as a result of the weight of the overlying fluid. So, the pressure at the bottom of a column of fluid is greater than at the top of the column.
Pressure is defined as the force exerted on an object per unit area. Unit of pressure is Pascal which is represented as P. The unit of pressure can also be written as Newton per meter square.

Note: One should notice that the Archimedes principle is only valid for fluids, where buoyant force can be observed. Also, the displaced fluid is equal to the weight of the object immersed in the water. In the displaced fluid, gravity also plays an important role.