Question

Some proteolytic enzymes are:
A. Trypsin, erepsin, pepsin
B. Amylopsin, steapsin, protease
C. Amylase, lipase, zymase
D. Urease, zymase, dehydrogenase

Answer 1

Hint: Enzymes are catalysts. They are proteinaceous in nature. They can be of various types. One category of enzymes include proteolytic enzymes which help in the breakdown of proteins into amino acids.

Complete Answer:
> Enzymes are the biocatalyst which help in the catalyzation of biochemical reactions. They itself do not take part in the reaction, instead they help the reaction to proceed in a particular reaction. There are various types of enzymes such as proteases and proteolytic enzymes.
> These enzymes help in the breakdown of proteins to their respective amino acids. There is hydrolysis of peptide bonds during the process of proteolysis. These enzymes are present in all types of organisms and are involved in the catabolism and breakdown of proteins and cell signaling.

Functions:
- Help in the process of digestion and catabolism.
- Required during blood coagulation.
- Cell division, growth and migration processes contain these enzymes.
- Transport of proteins across the membrane.
- Regulate the process of tumour growth.

Some important proteolytic enzymes are:
1. Trypsin- Present in the pancreatic juice and cause breakdown of proteins to dipeptides.
2. Chymotrypsin- causes breakdown of proteins to dipeptides.
3. Carboxypeptidases- causes breakdown of proteins to dipeptides.
4. Elastases- Digestion of elastin. It is present in pancreatic juice.
5. Nucleases- Present in pancreatic juice and helps in splitting of nucleic acids to nucleotides.
6. Collagenase- Helps in digestion of collagen.
7. Dipeptidase- breaks dipeptides to amino acids.
8. Pepsin- present in the stomach and converts proteins to smaller peptides.
9. Renin- secreted by chief cells of the stomach.
10. Thrombin- Takes part in blood coagulation.

> According to the options given in the question- Urease helps in the breakdown of urea. Zymase helps in the breakdown of carbohydrates, whereas dehydrogenase causes removal of hydrogen. Amylase helps in the breakdown of digested carbohydrates. Lipase causes breakdown of fats, amylopsin is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates. Steapsin causes the breakdown of fats and ptyalin present in mouth causes breakdown of carbohydrates,

So, the correct answer is option (A).

Note: Enzymes are the catalysts which bind to specific substrates for their actions. Proteolytic enzymes are a type of enzymes which help in the breakdown of proteins. Trypsin, chymotrypsin, erepsin and pepsin are some of the examples.