Question

What is the similarity between the cerebellum and cerebrum?
A. Functions
B. Structure
C. Hemisphere
D. All of the above

Answer 1

Hint: The brain can be classified into three major parts – Forebrain, Midbrain, Hindbrain. The cerebrum comes under the Telencephalon part of the Forebrain whereas Cerebellum comes under the Metencephalon part of the Hindbrain. Cerebrum is the largest part of the brain covering around \[80\% \] the brain. The word Cerebellum means a small brain.

Complete answer:
The main function of the cerebrum is to control skilled voluntary movement, motor speech area, perception of touch, pain, temperature and pressure, center for hearing and smell, perception of vision, learning, memory, thinking, reasoning. The cerebellum has the function of maintaining a body balance, it increases the muscle tone and also controls the function of skeletal muscle for maintaining the body posture. So a vast difference in the respect of function is seen under the functions of cerebrum and cerebellum hence the option A. is incorrect.
If we come to the structure of the cerebrum two hemispheres are connected by the corpus callosum. The outer surface of the cerebral cortex is called the grey matter below which the presence of white matter is observed. The presence of gyri ( folds), sulci( groove) is also seen. Both the hemispheres are divided into $5$ lobes – The frontal lobe, Parietal lobe, Occipital lobe, Temporal lobe, and Limbic lobe. The presence of motor, sensory and association areas are also observed. In the case of the cerebellum, two hemispheres are connected by the vermis, it consists of white matter and grey matter. It has $3$ lobes namely the anterior lobe, posterior lobe, and flocculonodular lobe. The lobes are divided into two fissures – primary fissure and posterolateral fissure. The functional area of the cerebellum is composed of $3$ main areas –cerebrocerebellum, spinocerebellum, vestibulocerebellum. Hence the difference in the structure is noticed, so option B. is incorrect.
As option A and option B are incorrect, so option D. All of the above is also incorrect.
The presence of two hemispheres is seen in the case of both cerebrum and cerebellum,

Hence option C. Hemisphere is the correct answer.

Note:
The grey matter of the cerebral cortex is named so because of its color due to the presence of cell bodies of the neuron in that area. The white matter contains myelinated axons and gives the appearance of white color. The name of the gyroscope of the body is given to the cerebellum due to the function of maintaining body balance. The presence of gyri is seen in the cerebellum.