Question

Shanghai Cooperation Organization founded in?

Answer 1

Answer: 2001

Explanation:

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) was officially established on June 15, 2001, in Shanghai, China. This important regional organization emerged from earlier diplomatic efforts between China and its neighboring countries to address border disputes and promote regional cooperation.

The SCO was founded by six countries: China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. These nations signed the Declaration of Shanghai Cooperation Organization, which formally established this multilateral organization. The formation was actually built upon the foundation of the Shanghai Five, a group that had been meeting since 1996 to resolve border issues between China and the former Soviet republics.

The primary objectives of the SCO include promoting regional security, economic cooperation, and cultural exchanges among member states. The organization focuses on combating terrorism, separatism, and extremism, which are often referred to as the "three evils" in SCO terminology. Additionally, it aims to strengthen mutual trust and good relations among member countries.

Over the years since its founding, the SCO has expanded its membership. India and Pakistan joined as full members in 2017, bringing the total membership to eight countries. The organization has also welcomed several observer states and dialogue partners, making it one of the largest regional organizations in the world in terms of geographical coverage and population.

The SCO operates based on principles of mutual respect, non-interference in internal affairs, and consensus decision-making. The organization holds annual summits where member countries discuss regional issues, sign agreements, and coordinate policies. These summits rotate among member countries, strengthening diplomatic ties and regional cooperation in Asia and Eurasia.