Question

How do we separate a mixture of anthracene and sodium chloride?

Answer 1

Hint: We know that when we heat the mixture of sodium chloride and anthracene, sodium chloride turns into vapour and sodium chloride does not but since sodium chloride turns into vapour and sodium chloride does not therefore, the method of sublimation can be used to separate the two mixtures.

Complete answer:
For the separation of mixtures we have a process that is fractional distillation. If we have a mixture of two or more liquids with different boiling points, we can separate them using the method of fractional distillation. It is a method used for the separation of mixture into their component parts. The liquid is heated at a temperature where one of the components of the mixture vaporizes and thus we can separate it from the rest of the mixture. We use fractional distillation generally for separation of liquids having a difference in their boiling points.
Sublimation: It is a phase transition where the element turns into a gas phase directly from the solid phase without actually passing through the liquid state. If we have a mixture of two elements among which one sublimes and one does not, we can separate the two by the process of sublimation.
Chromatography: Paper chromatography is a method, generally used in analytical chemistry, used to separate coloured chemicals or compounds. It is a technique used for separation of different parts of a mixture of gases or liquids.
Crystallization: It is a process by which we obtain a highly organized structure of the solid which is known as crystal. Crystals are formed as precipitate in the solution. Every compound gives us different types of crystals. Some are coloured while others are not. Some form needles like crystals and some are powder like. We can obtain crystals by precipitating from a solution or freezing. Thus, Anthracene sublimes on heating and gets collected on the cooler sides of the inverted funnel and sodium chloride will be left behind.

Note:
Remember that it’s important to remember here that sodium chloride does not undergo sublimation. We use the term sublimation to describe a change in physical state and not a chemical reaction like sodium chloride upon heating turns into hydrogen chloride and sodium. It is not sublimation but a chemical change.