Question

Semi autonomous cell organelle is
(А) Mitochondria
(B) Ribosome
(С) Plasma membrane
(D) Peroxisome

Answer 1

Hint: The organelles which can survive on their own, and possess their own existence have their own independent genetic material, can independently replicate, during cell division, they pass their own genetic material along with the cellular DNA are termed as semi-autonomous organelles. However, they depend on the nuclear gene for biogenesis and on ground cytoplasm for biosynthetic activities, they cannot exist independently. So, they are called semi-autonomous organelles.

Complete Answer:
In order to answer this question, we need to gather some knowledge about organelles, their division and characteristics of the semi-autonomous organelles. Organelle is a specialized subunit, with specific functions. Organelles are either membrane-bound organelles or non-membrane bound organelles. There are many types of organelles. They include structures that make up the internal endomembrane system and other structures such as mitochondria and plastid.

Now let us find answer from the given options:
(А) Mitochondria: Mitochondria possess their own DNA that can replicate independently. They can manufacture and produce some of the proteins required for their functioning with the help of their DNA, RNAs, enzymes, and ribosomes and obtain the others from the cytoplasm.
(B) Ribosome: They are involved in the protein synthesis and they are present on the endoplasmic reticulum. These do not have their own DNA and do not possess their own protein, so they are not considered to be as Semi-autonomous organelles.
(С) Plasma membrane: This structure is used to provide the protection to the cell and do not contain their own DNA and also is not involved in the production of protein, so they are not considered as the semi-autonomous organelle.
(D) Peroxisome: these are the micro bodies that are found in both plants and animals; they contain some oxidative enzymes but they do not contain their own DNA so they are not considered as Semi-autonomous organelles.

Hence the correct answer is option A.

Note: It is to be remembered and always followed that the semi- autonomous organelles, chloroplast, and mitochondria are both present inside eukaryotic cells. They are similar to unicellular prokaryotes like bacteria, and it is believed that these semi- autonomous organelles have originated from unicellular prokaryotes.