Question

Select the correct statement:
A. Carbon-carbon bond order in graphite is more than diamond
B. Carbon-carbon bond order in graphite is less than diamond
C. Hybridization of each carbon in diamond is $s{{p}^{2}}$
C. Hybridization of each carbon in graphite is $s{{p}^{3}}$

Answer 1

Hint: In graphite, one carbon atom is joined with other 3 carbon atoms and the hybridization of each carbon is $s{{p}^{2}}$whereas in diamond one carbon atom is joined with four other carbon atom with the hybridization of $s{{p}^{3}}$, and the bond order of graphite is 1.33 and the bond order of diamond is 1.

Complete answer:
From your chemistry lessons you have learned about the Graphite and diamond which are made completely of carbon and also about their structures and differences.
Graphites are allotropes of carbon in which one carbon atom is joined with other three carbon atoms leaving one free valence electron and all the carbon atoms in graphite form stable chemical bonds with other three carbon atoms. Graphite forms a sheet like structure and the hybridization of each carbon atom in graphite is $s{{p}^{2}}$. The carbon atoms in graphite are directed in the same plane and form a hexagonal ring-like structure.
As we know that the formula to find the bond order is,
\[B.O=\dfrac{Total\,number\,of\,valence\,electrons\,of\,carbon}{number\,of\sigma \,bonds}\]
\[\therefore B.O\,of\,graphite=\dfrac{4}{3}=1.33\]
Diamond is also a allotrope of carbon in which one carbon atom is joined with four other carbon atoms and each carbon atom has a strong chemical bond with four others. Diamond makes a perfect tetrahedron structure throughout the crystal. The hybridization of each carbon atom in diamond is $s{{p}^{3}}$ and possesses an equal bond length of carbon-carbon atom.
\[B.O\,of\,diamond=\dfrac{4}{4}=1\]
Hence, we can see that the bond border of graphite is more than that of diamond.

Thus the correct option will be (A).

Note:
The C-C bond in graphite is higher than in diamond. Diamonds possess only C-C single bonds while graphite have both C=C double bond and C-C single bond. Bond length of C-C bond in diamond is 154 pm and in graphite it is 145 pm and thus the bond length of diamond is more than the graphite and as we know that bond length is inversely proportional to bond order.