Question

Select the correct option to fill up the blanks.
(i) ………….. are used in detergent formulations and are helpful in removing oily stains from the laundry.
(ii) ………….. are ripened by growing Penicillium roqueforti on them.
(iii) …………. are produced without distillation whereas …………… are produced by distillation of the fermented broth.
(iv) …………… antibiotic was used to treat American soldiers wounded in World War II.
(v) …………. is also called a kusht rog.

A. (i) Lipases, (ii) Camembert cheese, (iii) whisky and rum, wine and beer, (iv) Penicillin, (v) Leprosy.
B. (i) lipases, (ii) Roquefort cheese, (iii) wine and beer, whisky and rum ,(iv) Penicillin,(v) Leprosy
C. (i) Amylases, (ii) Roquefort cheese, (iii) wine and beer, whisky and rum, (iv) Streptomycin, (v) Whooping cough.
D. (i) Amylases, (ii) Swiss cheese, (iii) whisky and rum, wine and beer, (iv) Penicillin,(v) Diphtheria.

Answer 1

Hint: After microscopic plants and animals, microorganisms are the major component of biological systems on this earth. Microbes are ubiquitously present on this earth i.e. present in soil, air, water and also inside our bodies.

Complete Answer:
Microbes like bacteria and many fungi are used for various commercial purposes and thus can be grown on nutritive media to form colonies. It is used as a household product in our everyday life. These are:
- Lipases are the enzymes that are used in detergent formulations and are helpful in removing oily stains from the laundry.
- Roquefort cheese is the cheese that is ripened by growing Penicillium roqueforti on them that imparts particular flavor to the cheese.
- It is used for the production of different types of alcoholic drinks depending on the type of the raw material used for fermentation and the type of processing whether it is with distillation or without distillation. Beer and wine are the alcoholic drinks that are produced without distillation whereas whisky, brandy and rum are the drinks that are produced by distillation of the fermented broth.
- Penicillin is obtained from the bacteria called Penicillium notatum which is used as an antibiotic to treat American soldiers wounded in World War II.
- Leprosy is also known as kusht rog which is caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It is also called Hansen's disease.
- Some other uses are in the brewery industry, dairy product industry, pharmaceutical industry etc.

The correct option of the given question is B i.e. (i)Lipases, (ii) Roquefort cheese, (iii) Wine and Beer, Whisky and Rum, (iv) Penicillin, (v) Leprosy.

Note: A common example is the production of milk products like curd from milk by the help of the bacteria called as Lactobacillus and others commonly called lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that grow on milk and convert it into other dairy products like curd. It is helpful to improve the nutritional quality of curd by increasing vitamin B12. It is also used in sewage treatment, pharmaceutical industries and many more.