Question

Ribozyme is
(a)RNA with enzyme activity.
(b)RNA without sugar.
(c)RNA without phosphate.
(d)RNA with extra phosphate.

Answer 1

Hint: These are RNA molecules that help in the catalysis of a particular reaction and acts as a part of the ribosome which attaches to the amino acid during protein synthesis.

Complete answer:
Ribozymes are also known as ribonucleic acid enzymes. These are RNA molecules that have the ability to catalyze specific biochemical reactions, similar to the action of protein enzymes. So the Ribozymes are RNA with enzyme activity. They increase the rate of synthesis and specificity of the peptide bond and phosphodiester bonds. The ribozyme was discovered in 1982. This discovery explained that RNA can work as both, the genetic materials like DNA and a biological catalyst like protein enzymes.

Additional Information: -The most common functions of ribozymes are the cleavage of RNA and DNA and also the formation of the peptide bond.
-During protein synthesis within the ribosome, the ribozyme acts as a part of a large subunit of ribosomal RNA responsible for the linkage of amino acids.
-They also participate in a variety of RNA processing reactions, like transfer RNA biosynthesis.
- Numerous attempts have been made to develop ribozymes as therapeutic agents, as enzymes that target defined RNA sequences for cleavage, as biosensors, and also to be used in functional genomics and gene discovery.
-Some examples of ribozymes are the hammerhead ribozyme, the VS ribozyme, Leadzyme, and the hairpin ribozyme.
So, the correct answer is,’RNA with enzyme activity’.

Note: -Earlier before the discovery of ribozymes, the enzymes, which are defined as catalytic proteins, were the only known biological catalysts.
-Ribozymes have been proposed and developed for the treatment of many diseases through gene therapy.
The ribozymes have also been designed to target the hepatitis C virus RNA, SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Adenovirus, and influenza A and B virus RNA.